A method for suppressing the formation of optical damage in quadratic electrooptic devices operated at short wavelengths is presented. Formation of optical damage is attributed to the generation of a trapped space charge induced by photoionization of impurity ions by the propagating beam. It is shown that in potassium lithium tantalate niobate where the electrooptic effect is quadratic, operating the electrooptic device by a bipolar driving voltage prevents the space charge from accumulating, which inhibits the formation of the optical damage. A 6 hours continuous operation of electrooptic modulator for a 30 W/cm2 at λ = 445 nm input beam is demonstrated.
Marder Ofer, Hila, Ashkenazy , Amos, Frumkin , Leore, Grosman , Boaz, Langford , Gonen, Sharon , Mika, Ullman , Reuven, Yeshurun , ו Yuval, Peleg . 2015.
“El-Hamam Cave: A New Natufian Site In The Samaria Hills”. Journal Of The Israel Prehistoric Society - Mitekufat Haeven, 45, Pp. 131-142. .
Publisher's Version תקציר The Late Epipaleolithic Natufian Culture was initially identified in Dorothy Garrod’s excavation at Shuqba Cave (Wadi enNatuf) in the Samarian Hills, but later research focused on the Mt. Carmel, the Galilee and the Negev regions, leaving the Natufian of the Central Highlands of the southern Levant relatively unknown. We report the recent discovery of a Natufian occurrence in a partly collapsed cave chamber in el-Hamam Cave in the Samaria Hills. The lithic assemblage assigns the site to the Late Natufian, with the possibility of occupation also during the Early Natufian. The faunal assemblage is small but diverse, indicating gazelle as the primary hunted animal. In spite of the limited scope of fieldwork, the site exhibits several landmark Natufian characteristics, including a large lithic assemblage with high diversity of tools, a bedrock mortar, typical faunal remains and groundstone implements. These traits indicate cultural complexity during the varied and prolonged use of the site (possibly multi-period occupation), reminiscent of the better-known Natufian camps in other parts of the Levant.
| Many approximations within density-functional theory spuriously predict that a many-electron system can dissociate into fractionally charged fragments. Here, we revisit the case of dissociated diatomic molecules, known to exhibit this problem when studied within standard approaches, including the local spin-density |  |
approximation (LSDA). By employing our recently proposed [E. Kraisler and L. Kronik, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 126403 (2013)] ensemble generalization we find that asymptotic fractional dissociation is eliminated in all systems examined, even if the underlying exchange correlation (xc) is still the LSDA. Furthermore, as a result of the ensemble-generalization procedure, the Kohn-Sham potential develops a spatial step between the dissociated atoms, reflecting the emergence of the derivative discontinuity in the xc energy functional. This step, predicted in the past for the exact Kohn-Sham potential and observed in some of its more advanced approximate forms, is a desired feature that prevents any fractional charge transfer between the system's fragments. It is usually believed that simple xc approximations such as the LSDA cannot develop this step. Our findings show, however, that ensemble generalization to fractional electron densities automatically introduces the desired step even to the most simple approximate xc functionals and correctly predicts asymptotic integer dissociation. Publisher's version arXiv version |
In 1910–1911, T. S. Eliot studied Henri Bergson’s books and attended his lectures in Paris. Initially fascinated by Bergson’s ideas, Eliot experienced what he called a “conversion” to Bergsonism, but as shown by poetry and prose written during and after the lectures, he quickly became disillusioned. This essay discusses the Bergsonian claims that intrigued Eliot in the winter of 1910–1911, the skepticism revealed in “Rhapsody on a Windy Night” and other poems dated March 1911, and the critique presented in a previously unpublished lecture for the Harvard Philosophical Club in December 1913. Eliot concludes that dualism is intractable, for the material and moral realms cannot be merged. This conclusion, formative in his intellectual development, is illuminating in regard to his poetry and criticism. It is also suggestive in regard to the more general modernist motif regarding the difficulty of making connections. Jewel Spears Brooker, Professor Emerita at Eckerd College, has held visiting appointments at Yale, Harvard, Cambridge, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and (in the fall of 2014) Merton College, Oxford. She is co-editor of two volumes of Eliot’s Complete Prose (2014, 2016), and has published nine books, including Reading The Waste Land: Modernism and the Limits of Interpretation (1990, coauthor, J. Bentley), Mastery and Escape: T. S. Eliot and the Dialectic of Modernism (1994), and T. S. Eliot: The Contemporary Reviews (2004). She has received numerous awards and served as president of the South Atlantic MLA and as a member of the National Humanities Council. updated: July 19, 2014 |
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The flow behavior and viscosity of TAGs contg. oleic and stearic acids were examd. in the liq. phase as well as at temps. close to the onset of crystn. by means of a temp.-controlled rheometer. Gelling and crystn. transitions were unambiguously identified by singularities in the viscosity vs. temp. curves of the TAGs. An addnl. transition between the gelling and onset of crystn. temps., attributed to the reorganization of the gel, was obsd. in the sym. TAGs only. The effect of the cooling rate, ranging between 0.1 and 5°C/min, was investigated. The flow behavior of the studied TAGs was shown to be strongly detd. by structural parameters (symmetry, degree of unsatn.). The flow behavior was also affected significantly by the cooling rate, suggesting that to certain extents the flow behavior detd. by structural parameters could be changed by manipulating the cooling rate. The study confirmed that TAG crystn. was initiated by and depends, at least in part, on complex mol. short range order transformations occurring in the melt. The findings of the study may be valuable for evaluating systems and equipment that were involved in the storage, handling and processing of materials incorporating these TAGs. [on SciFinder(R)]
Stacia A Sower, Decatur, Wayne A, Hausken, Krist N, Marquis, Timothy J, Barton, Shannon L, Gargan, James , Freamat, Mihael , Wilmot, Michael , Hollander, Lian , Hall, Jeffrey A, Nozaki, Masumi , Shpilman, Michal , ו Levavi-Sivan, Berta . 2015.
“Emergence Of An Ancestral Glycoprotein Hormone In The Pituitary Of The Sea Lamprey, A Basal Vertebrate”. Endocrinology, 156, 8, Pp. 3026-37. doi:10.1210/en.2014-1797.
תקציר The gnathostome (jawed vertebrates) classical pituitary glycoprotein hormones, FSH, LH, and TSH, consist of a common α-subunit (GpA1) and unique β-subunits (Gpβ1, -2, and -3), whereas a recently identified pituitary glycoprotein hormone, thyrostimulin, consists of GpA2 and GpB5. This paper reports the identification, expression, and function of an ancestral, nonclassical, pituitary heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone (GpH) consisting of the thyrostimulin A2 subunit with the classical β-subunit in the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, a jawless basal vertebrate. Lamprey (l) GpA2, and lGpHβ were shown to form a heterodimer by coimmunoprecipitation of lGpA2 with FLAG-tagged lGpHβ after the overexpression in transiently transfected COS7 cells using a bipromoter vector. Dual-label fluorescent in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry showed the coexpression of individual subunits in the proximal pars distalis of the pituitary. GnRH-III (1μΜ) significantly increased the expression of lGpHβ and lGpA2 in in vitro pituitary culture. Recombinant lamprey GpH was constructed by tethering the N terminal of lGpA2 to the C terminal of lGpHβ with a linker region composed of six histidine residues followed by three glycine-serine repeats. This recombinant lamprey GpH activated the lamprey glycoprotein hormone receptor I as measured by increased cAMP/luciferase activity. These data are the first to demonstrate a functional, unique glycoprotein heterodimer that is not found in any other vertebrate. These data suggest an intermediate stage of the structure-function of the gonadotropin/thyroid-stimulating hormone in a basal vertebrate, leading to the emergence of the highly specialized gonadotropin hormones and thyroid stimulating hormones in gnathostomes.
Ruth Pat-Horenczyk, Cohen, S, Ziv, Y , Achituv, M , Asulin-Peretz, L , Blanchard, TR , Schiff, M , ו Brom, D . 2015.
“Emotion Regulation In Mothers And Young Children Faced With Trauma”. Infant Mental Health Journal, 36, Pp. 337–348.
R. Pat-Horenczyk, Cohen, S. , Ziv, Y. , Achituv, M. , Asulin-Peretz, L. , Blanchard, T. R, Schiff, M. , ו Brom, D.. 2015.
“Emotion Regulation In Mothers And Young Children Faced With Trauma”. Infant Mental Health Journal, 36, Pp. 337-348. doi:10.1002/imhj.21515.
Publisher's Version תקציר The present study investigated maternal emotion regulation as mediating the association between maternal posttraumatic stress symptoms and children's emotional dysregulation in a community sample of 431 Israeli mothers and children exposed to trauma. Little is known about the specific pathways through which maternal posttraumatic symptoms and deficits in emotion regulation contribute to emotional dysregulation. Inspired by the intergenerational process of relational posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), in which posttraumatic distress is transmitted from mothers to children, we suggest an analogous concept of relational emotion regulation, by which maternal emotion regulation problems may contribute to child emotion regulation deficits. Child emotion regulation problems were measured using the Child Behavior Checklist-Dysregulation Profile (CBCL-DP; T.M. Achenbach & I. Rescorla, 2000), which is comprised of three subscales of the CBCL: Attention, Aggression, and Anxiety/Depression. Maternal PTSD symptoms were assessed by the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (E.B. Foa, L. Cashman, L. Jaycox, & K. Perry, 1997) and maternal emotion regulation by the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (K.L. Gratz & L. Roemer, 2004). Results showed that the child's emotion regulation problems were associated with both maternal posttraumatic symptoms and maternal emotion dysregulation. Further, maternal emotion regulation mediated the association between maternal posttraumatic symptoms and the child's regulation deficits. These findings highlight the central role of mothers' emotion regulation skills in the aftermath of trauma as it relates to children's emotion regulation skills. The degree of mothers' regulatory skills in the context of posttraumatic stress symptoms reflects a key process through which the intergenerational transmission of trauma may occur. Study results have critical implications for planning and developing clinical interventions geared toward the treatment of families in the aftermath of trauma and, in particular, the enhancement of mothers' emotion regulation skills after trauma.
