פרסומים

This issue of Jewish History is dedicated to organized modern Jewish agricultural settlement. The nine essays published here originated in much earlier versions read at the international conference, "To the Land!: 200 Years of Jewish Agricultural Settlement," held in June 2005, at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the Jewish Diaspora. Museum (Beth Hatefutsoth). The five organizing partners were: the Leonid Nevzlin Research Center for Russian and East European Jewry and the Avraham Harman Institute of Contemporary Jewry, both of the Hebrew University, the Yad Tebenkin Research and Documenta­ tion Center of the Kibbutz 1v1ovement, the Jewish Diaspora. ivfuseum, and the Chair for the Study of the History of the Jewish National Fund at Bar-Ilan University. The Nevzlin Center at the Hebrew University supported the preparation of these materials for press.

The goal of the conference, and now, even more, of the fully elaborated essays presented here, is to reopen academic discussion on the global dimensions of Jewish agricultural settlement.

Harsh sanctions are conventionally assumed to primarily benefit vulnerable targets. Contrary to this perception, this article shows that augmented sanctions often serve the less vulnerable targets. While decreasing crime, harsher sanctions also induce the police to shift enforcement efforts from more to less vulnerable victims. When this shift is substantial, augmented sanctions exacerbate–rather than reduce–the risk to vulnerable victims. Based on this insight, this article suggests several normative implications concerning the efficacy of enhanced sanctions, the importance of victims' funds,and the connection between police operations and apprehension rates.

In constructing the phase diagram of glycerol monooleate (GMO)/EtOH/H2O mixts. the authors detected, in addn. to the well-characterized regions of lamellar and cubic bicontinuous liq. crystals, 3 addnl. isotropic transparent regions that were not previously well-defined; a large isotropic region denoted in early studies as the L1-phase, an isotropic region with characteristics similar to the sponge L3-phase, and a 3rd isotropic region which had not been characterized previously. The present study deals with efforts to characterize this unique isotropic region. The isotropic region is an island located within a 2 phase region connecting the 3 isotropic regions of the cubic, lamellar, and micellar phases. The authors termed this phase I2 (QL) phase or the QL phase, which stands for cubic liq. mesophase. This phase is a totally transparent and nonbirefringent fluid (completely pourable). It is stable even after over 9 mo of storage at room temp. The fluid is of low viscosity and almost Newtonian. The new phase shows many characteristic features of an ordered phase. Small-angle x-ray scattering measurements (SAXS), SAXS-synchrotron temp.-dependent measurements, and cryogenic-TEM (cryo-TEM) observation reveal that the phase has a cubic symmetry. The SAXS diffractions indicate formation of a somewhat less ordered discontinuous cubic micellar mesophase. The cryo-TEM images provide strong evidence for ordered domains with cubic symmetry. Complementary measurements confirm that the phase is a unique case of a micellar cubic phase. The authors expect that the fluidic ordered mesostructure will have future applications as a liq. vehicle for the solubilization of nutraceuticals, cosmetoceuticals, and pharmaceuticals. [on SciFinder(R)]