David Ayalon. 1977. “The Eunuchs In The Mamluk Sultanate”. In Studies In Memory Of Gaston Wiet, Pp. 267-295. Jerusalem: Institute of Asian and African Studies.

David Ayalon. 1977. “Aspects Of The Mamlūk Phenomenon, Part Ii: Ayyūbids, Kurds, And Turks”. Der Islam, 54, Pp. 1-32.