F Braido, Scichilone, N, Lavorini, F, Usmani, OS, Dubuske, L, Boulet, LP, Mosges, R, Nunes, C, Sánchez-Borges, M, Ansotegui, IJ, Ebisawa, M, Levi-Schaffer, F, Rosenwasser, LJ, Bousquet, J, Zuberbier, T, ו Canonica, Walter G. 2016.
“Manifesto On Small Airway Involvement And Management In Asthma And Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Interasma (Global Asthma Association - Gaa) And World Allergy Organization (Wao) Document Endorsed By Allergic Rhinitis And Its Impact On Asthma”. Asthma Research And Practice, 2, Pp. 12. doi:10.1186/s40733-016-0027-5.
תקציר Evidence that enables us to identify, assess, and access the small airways in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has led INTERASMA (Global Asthma Association) and WAO to take a position on the role of the small airways in these diseases. Starting from an extensive literature review, both organizations developed, discussed, and approved the manifesto, which was subsequently approved and endorsed by the chairs of ARIA and GA(2)LEN. The manifesto describes the evidence gathered to date and defines and proposes issues on small airway involvement and management in asthma and COPD with the aim of challenging assumptions, fostering commitment, and bringing about change. The small airways (defined as those with an internal diameter <2 mm) are involved in the pathogenesis of asthma and COPD and are the major determinant of airflow obstruction in these diseases. Various tests are available for the assessment of the small airways, and their results must be integrated to confirm a diagnosis of small airway dysfunction. In asthma and COPD, the small airways play a key role in attempts to achieve disease control and better outcomes. Small-particle inhaled formulations (defined as those that, owing to their size [usually <2 $μ$m], ensure more extensive deposition in the lung periphery than large molecules) have proved beneficial in patients with asthma and COPD, especially those in whom small airway involvement is predominant. Functional and biological tools capable of accurately assessing the lung periphery and more intensive use of currently available tools are necessary. In patients with suspected COPD or asthma, small airway involvement must be assessed using currently available tools. In patients with subotpimal disease control and/or functional or biological signs of disease activity, the role of small airway involvement should be assessed and treatment tailored. Therefore, the choice between large- and small-particle inhaled formulations must reflect the physician's considerations of disease features, phenotype, and response to previous therapy. This article is being co-published in Asthma Research and Practice and the World Allergy Organization Journal.
Yifat Geffen, Appleboim, Alon , Gardner, Richard G. , Friedman, Nir , Sadeh, Ronen , ו Ravid, Tommer . 2016.
“Mapping The Landscape Of A Eukaryotic Degronome”. Molecular Cell, 63, 6, Pp. 1055 - 1065. .
Publisher's Version תקציר SummaryThe ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) for protein degradation has been under intensive study, and yet, we have only partial understanding of mechanisms by which proteins are selected to be targeted for proteolysis. One of the obstacles in studying these recognition pathways is the limited repertoire of known degradation signals (degrons). To better understand what determines the susceptibility of intracellular proteins to degradation by the UPS, we developed an unbiased method for large-scale identification of eukaryotic degrons. Using a reporter-based high-throughput competition assay, followed by deep sequencing, we measured a degradation potency index for thousands of native polypeptides in a single experiment. We further used this method to identify protein quality control (PQC)-specific and compartment-specific degrons. Our method provides an unprecedented insight into the yeast degronome, and it can readily be modified to study protein degradation signals and pathways in other organisms and in various settings.
Martyrdom in the Muslim world is increasingly integral to conversations about international security. Over the years, the belief system around self sacrifice has become key to understanding the Middle East and its political relationships with the West, although much of the literature and conversation has been restricted to modern concepts of jihadism. The recent spate of scholarship relating to suicide bombers and jihadists studies these concepts without a broader understanding of the principle of martyrdom. This book expands on the chronology of self-sacrifice within Islam and contextualizes the use of suicide bombings using details of the rise of martyrdom in places such as Iraq, Lebanon, Chechnya, and Pakistan. It historicises the background in which "jihad" has been glorified while also exploring contemporary methods of recruitment, like the use of the internet. The authors pay close attention to the different sects and factions of Islam and the differing interpretations of jihad that accompany these ideologies. In the current political climate, a book that explores martyrdom within the framework of historical perspectives, geographical regions, and the influence of outside cultures is essential.
Mast cells are mostly known for their role in allergic diseases although in recent years it has become clear that they have a role in other diseases and in the body's defense against microbes. In most cases, but especially in allergy, eosinophils are present in the tissue within proximity of mast cells. Due to this spatio-temporal correlation we and others have postulated and described a crosstalk between these two cells, mediated via their released mediators and physical interactions, that is able to modulate each other's function and ultimately the outcome of the allergic inflammatory reaction. This review will focus on the functional unit between mast cells and eosinophils that we have named the "Allergic Effector Unit" and specifically highlight its role in allergy.
M Rubinchik-Stern, Shmuel, M. , Bar, J, Eyal, S, ו Kovo, M. 2016.
“Maternal–Fetal Transfer Of Indocyanine Green Across The Perfused Human Placenta.”. Reprod Toxicol, 62, Pp. 100-5.
Adequate measurement tools are mandatory in order to enable researchers to examine the extent and severity of stigma and develop effective stigma change interventions. However, the theoretical foundations and methodological frameworks in this field are underdeveloped. This chapter highlights the main theoretical and methodological challenges facing this field, and presents a summary of leading scales. Finally, recommendations for further scale development are provided.
Leandro A. Estrada, Frances-Monerris, Antonio , Schapiro, Igor , Olivucci, Massimo , ו Roca-Sanjuan, Daniel . 2016.
“Mechanism Of Excited State Deactivation Of Indan-1-Ylidene And Fluoren-9-Ylidene Malononitriles”. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 18, Pp. 32786-32795. doi:10.1039/C6CP05231B.
Publisher's Version תקציר Herein, we report complementary computational and experimental evidence supporting the existence, for indan-1-ylidene malononitrile and fluoren-9-ylidene malononitrile, of a non-radiative decay channel involving double bond isomerisation motion. The results of UV-Vis transient absorption spectroscopy highlight that the decay takes place within hundreds of picoseconds. In order to understand the related molecular mechanism, photochemical reaction paths were computed by employing multiconfigurational quantum chemistry. The results indicate that the excited state deactivation occurs via concerted double bond twisting of the dicyanovinyl (DCV) unit coupled with a pyramidalisation of its substituted carbon. It is also shown that the observed differences in the excited state lifetimes when passing from indan-1-ylidene malononitrile to fluoren-9-ylidene are associated with the change in the topography of the conical intersection driving the decay from intermediate to sloped, respectively.
Tal Shilo, Zygier, Lilach , Rubin, Baruch , Wolf, Shmuel , ו Eizenberg, Hanan . 2016.
“Mechanism Of Glyphosate Control Of Phelipanche Aegyptiaca”, 244, 5, Pp. 1095 - 1107. .
Publisher's Version תקציר Despite its total reliance on its host plant, the holoparasitePhelipanche aegyptiacasuffers from a deficiency of aromatic amino acids upon exposure to glyphosate.
Although relating to the same system, the interpretations of the water spectra from Raman and Dielectric spectroscopy present independent pictures of the nature of water. We show that in the overlap region of the two methods it is possible to combine these views into a coherent concept of what drives the dynamic features of water. In this work, we develop the idea that the dielectric relaxation in water is driven by the migration of defects through the H-bond network, leading to a Debye-like peak in the lower frequencies. The deviation from the Debye law in the higher sub-THz frequencies is traced to a global fluctuation of the same H-bond network, clearly evident in the Raman Spectra. By incorporating these two views, a mathematical formalism is presented that can aptly explicate the dielectric spectra of liquid water.
Haim Treves, Raanan, Hagai , Kedem, Isaac , Murik, Omer , Keren, Nir , Zer, Hagit , Berkowicz, Simon M, Giordano, Mario , Norici, Alessandra , Shotland, Yoram , ו others, . 2016.
“The Mechanisms Whereby The Green Alga Chlorella Ohadii, Isolated From Desert Soil Crust, Exhibits Unparalleled Photodamage Resistance”. New Phytologist, 210, 4, Pp. 1229–1243.
Daniel Sharon, Hirsberg, Daniel , Salama, Michael , Afri, Michal , Frimer, Aryeh A. , Noked, Malachi , Kwak, Won-Jin , Sun, Yang-Kook , ו Aurbach, Doron . 2016.
“Mechanistic Role Of Li + Dissociation Level In Aprotic Li–O 2 Battery”. Acs Applied Materials & Interfaces, 8, 8, Pp. 5300–5307. doi:10.1021/acsami.5b11483.
Publisher's Version This article traces the ways in which memories of historical trauma inscribed in the built environment of Buenos Aires, Lima, and Cusco inform the fiction of Argentine Tununa Mercado and Peruvian Karina Pacheco Medrano. Each author represents fictional cityspaces after projects of public memorialization have already begun to carve out spaces of memory in response to dictatorship (Argentina) and to the conflict with the Shining Path (Peru). These novelists, neither of whom is Jewish, map the relationship between the spatial dimension of the textual and the textual dimension of the spatial, acknowledging the value and meaning of invisibilized Jewish bodies whose presence continues to haunt the modern urban space. June 2016: Katharine G. Trostel is a Ph.D. candidate in Literature at the University of California, Santa Cruz. She specializes in 20th and 21st century Latin American literature (particularly the “post-68” period), women’s writing, memory and trauma studies, memorials and monuments, city spaces, haunting, and ruins. Her dissertation, “Memoryscapes: Women chart the post-trauma city in 20th and 21st century Latin America,” examines the treatment of urban space and memories of state-sponsored violence in the works of Latin American women writers of the post-trauma or post-dictatorship generation. |
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