2021
Yoav Kaplan, Reich, Shaked , Oster, Elyaqim , Maoz, Shani , Levin-Reisman, Irit , Ronin, Irine , Gefen, Orit , Agam, Oded , ו Balaban, Nathalie Q. 2021.
“Observation Of Universal Ageing Dynamics In Antibiotic Persistence”. Nature, 600, 7888, Pp. 290–294. .
Publisher's Version Jan Schlautmann, Rehling, Finn , Albrecht, Jörg , Jaroszewicz, Bogdan , Schabo, Dana G, ו Farwig, Nina . 2021.
“Observing Frugivores Or Collecting Scats: A Method Comparison To Construct Quantitative Seed Dispersal Networks”. Oikos, 130, 8, Pp. 1359–1369.
Can oil discovery shocks affect the demand for protectionism? An intertemporal model of Dutch disease indicates that if the tradable sector is politically dominant then an oil discovery can induce protectionism. If the economy is also credit constrained, this effect is intensified upon discovery, but partially reversed when oil revenues start to flow. We test these predictions using 16.2 million, HS-6 level, bilateral tariff rates that cover 5718 products in 155 countries over the period 1988–2012, and data on worldwide discoveries of giant oil and gas fields. Our identification strategy rests on the exogeneity of the timing of discoveries. Our empirical results indicate that an oil discovery increases tariffs during pre-production years and decreases tariffs in the years to follow yet to a lesser extent, most notably in capital scarce economies with a relatively dominant tradable sector. Our baseline estimates indicate that a giant oil field discovery induces a rise of approximately 13% in the average tariff over the course of 10 years; this increase is approximately 2.5 times larger during the pre-production period when the oil discovery represents a pure news shock.
Erin M Rock, Limebeer, Cheryl L, Sullivan, Megan T, DeVuono, Marieka V, Lichtman, Aron H, Di Marzo, Vincenzo , Mechoulam, Raphael , ו Parker, Linda A. 2021.
“Oleoylglycine And -Oleoylalanine Do Not Modify Tolerance To Nociception, Hyperthermia, And Suppression Of Activity Produced By Morphine”. Front Synaptic Neurosci, 13, Pp. 620145. doi:10.3389/fnsyn.2021.620145.
תקציר The endogenous amide -Oleoylglycine (OlGly) and its analog -Oleoylalanine (OlAla), have been shown to interfere with the affective and somatic responses to acute naloxone-precipitated MWD in male rats. Here we evaluated the potential of a single dose (5 mg/kg, ip) which alleviates withdrawal of these endogenous fatty acid amides to modify tolerance to anti-nociception, hyperthermia, and suppression of locomotion produced by morphine in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Although rats did develop tolerance to the hypolocomotor and analgesic effects of morphine, they did not develop tolerance to the hyperthermic effects of this substance. Administration of neither OlGly nor OlAla interfered with the establishment of morphine tolerance, nor did they modify behavioral responses elicited by morphine on any trial. These results suggest that the effects of OlGly and OlAla on opiate dependence may be limited to naloxone-precipitated withdrawal effects.
H. Klein, Asseo, K. , Karni, N. , Benjamini, Y. , Nir-Paz, R. , Muszkat, M. , Israel, S. , ו Niv, M.Y.. 2021.
“Onset, Duration And Unresolved Symptoms, Including Smell And Taste Changes, In Mild Covid-19 Infection: A Cohort Study In Israeli Patients”. Clin Microbiol Infect, 27, Pp. 769-74.
תקציר OBJECTIVES: To characterize longitudinal symptoms of mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients for a period of 6 months, to potentially aid in disease management. METHODS: Phone interviews were conducted with 103 patients with mild COVID-19 in Israel over a 6-month period (April 2020 to October 2020). Patients were recruited via social media and word to mouth and were interviewed up to 4 times, depending on reports of their unresolved symptoms. Inclusion criteria required participants to be residents of Israel aged 18 years or older, with positive COVID-19 real-time PCR results and nonsevere symptoms. The onset, duration, severity and resolution of symptoms were analysed. RESULTS: A total of 44% (45/103), 41% (42/103), 39% (40/103) and 38% (39/103) of patients experienced headache, fever, muscle ache and dry cough as the first symptom respectively. Smell and taste changes were experienced at 3.9 ± 5.4 and 4.6 ± 5.7 days (mean ± standard deviation (SD)) after disease onset respectively. Among prevalent symptoms, fever had the shortest duration (5.8 ± 8.6 days), and taste and smell changes were the longest-lasting symptoms (17.2 ± 17.6 and 18.9 ± 19.7 days; durations censored at 60 days). Longer recovery of the sense of smell correlated with the extent of smell change. At the 6-month follow-up, 46% (47/103) of the patients had at least one unresolved symptom, most commonly fatigue (22%, 23/103), smell and taste changes (15%, 15/103 and 8%, 8/103 respectively) and breathing difficulties (8%, 8/103). CONCLUSIONS: Long-lasting effects of mild COVID-19 manifested in almost half of the participants reporting at least one unresolved symptom after 6 months.
H. Klein, Asseo, K. , Karni, N. , Benjamini, Y. , Nir-Paz, R. , Muszkat, M. , Israel, S. , ו Niv, M.Y.. 2021.
“Onset, Duration And Unresolved Symptoms, Including Smell And Taste Changes, In Mild Covid-19 Infection: A Cohort Study In Israeli Patients”. Clin Microbiol Infect, 27, Pp. 769-74.
תקציר OBJECTIVES: To characterize longitudinal symptoms of mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients for a period of 6 months, to potentially aid in disease management. METHODS: Phone interviews were conducted with 103 patients with mild COVID-19 in Israel over a 6-month period (April 2020 to October 2020). Patients were recruited via social media and word to mouth and were interviewed up to 4 times, depending on reports of their unresolved symptoms. Inclusion criteria required participants to be residents of Israel aged 18 years or older, with positive COVID-19 real-time PCR results and nonsevere symptoms. The onset, duration, severity and resolution of symptoms were analysed. RESULTS: A total of 44% (45/103), 41% (42/103), 39% (40/103) and 38% (39/103) of patients experienced headache, fever, muscle ache and dry cough as the first symptom respectively. Smell and taste changes were experienced at 3.9 ± 5.4 and 4.6 ± 5.7 days (mean ± standard deviation (SD)) after disease onset respectively. Among prevalent symptoms, fever had the shortest duration (5.8 ± 8.6 days), and taste and smell changes were the longest-lasting symptoms (17.2 ± 17.6 and 18.9 ± 19.7 days; durations censored at 60 days). Longer recovery of the sense of smell correlated with the extent of smell change. At the 6-month follow-up, 46% (47/103) of the patients had at least one unresolved symptom, most commonly fatigue (22%, 23/103), smell and taste changes (15%, 15/103 and 8%, 8/103 respectively) and breathing difficulties (8%, 8/103). CONCLUSIONS: Long-lasting effects of mild COVID-19 manifested in almost half of the participants reporting at least one unresolved symptom after 6 months.
Hadar Klein, Asseo, Kim , Karni, Noam , Benjamini, Yuval , Nir-Paz, Ran , Muszkat, Mordechai , Israel, Sarah , ו Niv, Masha Y.. 2021.
“Onset, Duration And Unresolved Symptoms, Including Smell And Taste Changes, In Mild Covid-19 Infection: A Cohort Study In Israeli Patients”, 27, 5, Pp. 769 - 774. .
Publisher's Version תקציר ObjectivesTo characterize longitudinal symptoms of mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients for a period of 6 months, to potentially aid in disease management.
Methods
Phone interviews were conducted with 103 patients with mild COVID-19 in Israel over a 6-month period (April 2020 to October 2020). Patients were recruited via social media and word to mouth and were interviewed up to 4 times, depending on reports of their unresolved symptoms. Inclusion criteria required participants to be residents of Israel aged 18 years or older, with positive COVID-19 real-time PCR results and nonsevere symptoms. The onset, duration, severity and resolution of symptoms were analysed.
Results
A total of 44% (45/103), 41% (42/103), 39% (40/103) and 38% (39/103) of patients experienced headache, fever, muscle ache and dry cough as the first symptom respectively. Smell and taste changes were experienced at 3.9 ± 5.4 and 4.6 ± 5.7 days (mean ± standard deviation (SD)) after disease onset respectively. Among prevalent symptoms, fever had the shortest duration (5.8 ± 8.6 days), and taste and smell changes were the longest-lasting symptoms (17.2 ± 17.6 and 18.9 ± 19.7 days; durations censored at 60 days). Longer recovery of the sense of smell correlated with the extent of smell change. At the 6-month follow-up, 46% (47/103) of the patients had at least one unresolved symptom, most commonly fatigue (22%, 23/103), smell and taste changes (15%, 15/103 and 8%, 8/103 respectively) and breathing difficulties (8%, 8/103).
Conclusions
Long-lasting effects of mild COVID-19 manifested in almost half of the participants reporting at least one unresolved symptom after 6 months.
Fernando Aleixandre-Carrera, Engelmayer, Nurit , Ares-Suárez, David , del Acosta, Mar\'ıa Carmen , Belmonte, Carlos , Gallar, Juana , Meseguer, V\'ıctor , ו Binshtok, Alexander M. . 2021.
“Optical Assessment Of Nociceptive Trp Channel Function At The Peripheral Nerve Terminal”. International Journal Of Molecular Sciences, 22, 2, Pp. 481. doi:10.3390/ijms22020481.
Publisher's Version Fernando Aleixandre-Carrera, Engelmayer, Nurit , Ares-Suárez, David , Acosta, María Del Carmen, Belmonte, Carlos , Gallar, Juana , Meseguer, Víctor , ו Binshtok, Alexander M. 2021.
“Optical Assessment Of Nociceptive Trp Channel Function At The Peripheral Nerve Terminal”. Int J Mol Sci, 22, 2. doi:10.3390/ijms22020481.
תקציר Free nerve endings are key structures in sensory transduction of noxious stimuli. In spite of this, little is known about their functional organization. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels have emerged as key molecular identities in the sensory transduction of pain-producing stimuli, yet the vast majority of our knowledge about sensory TRP channel function is limited to data obtained from in vitro models which do not necessarily reflect physiological conditions. In recent years, the development of novel optical methods such as genetically encoded calcium indicators and photo-modulation of ion channel activity by pharmacological tools has provided an invaluable opportunity to directly assess nociceptive TRP channel function at the nerve terminal.
Grant M. Brodnik, Harrington, Mark W. , Dallyn, John H. , Bose, Debapam , Zhang, Wei , Stern, Liron , Morton, Paul A. , Behunin, Ryan O. , Papp, Scott B. , ו Blumenthal, Daniel J.. 2021.
“Optically Synchronized Fibre Links Using Spectrally Pure Chip-Scale Lasers”. Nature Photonics, 15, 8, Pp. 588 - 593. .
Publisher's Version תקציר Precision optical-frequency and phase synchronization over fibre is critical for a variety of applications, from timekeeping to quantum optics. Such applications utilize ultra-coherent sources based on stabilized table-top laser systems. Chip-scale versions of these systems may dramatically broaden the application landscape by reducing the cost, size and power of such exquisite sources. Links based on the required narrow-linewidth integrated lasers, compact reference cavities and control methodologies have not yet been presented. Here, we demonstrate an optically synchronized link that achieves an ultralow residual phase error variance of 3 × 10−4 rad2 at the receiver, using chip-scale stabilized lasers with laser linewidth of ~30 Hz and instability below 2 × 10−13 at 50 ms. This performance is made possible with integrated Brillouin lasers, compact reference cavities and a novel low-bandwidth optical-frequency-stabilized phase-locked loop. These results demonstrate a path towards low-power, precision applications including distributed atomic clocks, quantum links, database synchronization and digital-signal-processor-free coherent fibre interconnects.
Simon Schmitt, Gefen, Tuvia , Louzon, Daniel , Osterkamp, Christian , Staudenmaier, Nicolas , Lang, Johannes , Markham, Matthew , ו Retzk, Alex . 4/1/2021.
“Optimal Frequency Measurements With Quantum Probes”. Npj Quantum Information, 7, Pp. 55. .
Publisher's Version Precise frequency measurements are important in applications ranging from navigation and imaging to computation and communication. Here we outline the optimal quantum strategies for frequency discrimination and estimation in the context of quantum spectroscopy, and we compare the effectiveness of different readout strategies. Using a single NV center in diamond, we implement the optimal frequency discrimination protocol to discriminate two frequencies separated by 2 kHz with a single 44 μs measurement, a factor of ten below the Fourier limit. For frequency estimation, we achieve a frequency sensitivity of 1.6 µHz/Hz2 for a 1.7 µT amplitude signal, which is within a factor of 2 from the quantum limit. Our results are foundational for discrimination and estimation problems in nanoscale nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Simon Schmitt, Gefen, Tuvia , Louzon, Daniel , Osterkamp, Christian , Staudenmaier, Nicolas , Lang, Johannes , Markham, Matthew , Retzker, Alex , McGuinness, Liam P. , ו Jelezko, Fedor . 4/1/2021.
“Optimal Frequency Measurements With Quantum Probes”. Npj Quantum Information . .
Publisher's Version Precise frequency measurements are important in applications ranging from navigation and imaging to computation and communication. Here we outline the optimal quantum strategies for frequency discrimination and estimation in the context of quantum spectroscopy, and we compare the effectiveness of different readout strategies. Using a single NV center in diamond, we implement the optimal frequency discrimination protocol to discriminate two frequencies separated by 2 kHz with a single 44 μs measurement, a factor of ten below the Fourier limit. For frequency estimation, we achieve a frequency sensitivity of 1.6 µHz/Hz2 for a 1.7 µT amplitude signal, which is within a factor of 2 from the quantum limit. Our results are foundational for discrimination and estimation problems in nanoscale nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Governments implementing an Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) aim at increasing Working Poor’s propensity to work, in order to alleviate poverty. If this goal is attained in the long-run: shall the optimal EITC increase or decrease? We deal with this question using simulations with endogenous participation and intensive margin elasticities. When the participation elasticity is endogenous, the optimal long-run EITC decreases. However, if we add endogenous intensive margin elasticity, the optimal EITC increases because the Working Poor works harder, making the EITC cheaper at the margin. The optimal increasing long-run EITC pattern holds also with a constant elasticity of labor.
