A blue solid-state laser material based on 4,4′4′ dibenzyl carbamido stilbene-2,2′2′ disulfonic acid incorporated into solgel zirconia and inorganic–organic hybrid matrices is presented. The absorption maxima of the dye in various matrices are around 339–361 nm, and the broad fluorescence peaks are at 411–413 nm. Optical gain measurements using the variable stripe method show amplified spontaneous emission peaking at 437 nm.
Written in Polish in the form of a long poem accompanied by 17 illustrations, The Legend of the Prince was created in Leon Glazer’s tailor workshop in the Lodz Ghetto, and was found in the ghetto’s ruins after the war by a survivor, Abraham Wolf Yasni. Designed in the form of an album for presentation to the Ghetto’s Elder, Chaim Rumkowski, the legend is told from the perspective of those having the good fortune to work in Glazer’s tailor ressort. However, within the bright illustrations and rhyming, metred verse that carries the legend from start to finish is buried the tragic story of the September 1942 Sperre. This essay argues that the story that is offered in the spirit of a light-hearted and diverting fairy tale and tribute, fictionalizing the trials and tribulations of the children working in Glazer’s workshop, is in fact a sophisticated memorial act, registering for its creators the trauma of the mass deportations of children, the sick and the elderly which took place over eight days of mandatory curfew in the Ghetto.
Following a pattern of visual and narrative instabilities in the album's self-presentation, I attend to moments in which The Legend points not only to the events in Lodz Ghetto of which it must not speak but also to familiar works of children's literature, such as Alice in Wonderland and The Pied Piper of Hamelin, which contribute to the "logics" by which the album might be read. | January 2006: Irena Kohn is a doctoral candidate at the University of Toronto in the Department of Curriculum, Teaching and Learning of the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education. Her dissertation on testamentary documents from the Lodz Ghetto that appear in less "familiar" historical forms (such as fiction, poetry, art work, music) considers the ways in which these traces of the past might ask us to engage differently with the historical memory of the Shoah. |
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A common assumption in the literature on mixed-model assembly line balancing is that a task that is common to multiple models must be assigned to a single station. In this paper, we relax this restriction, and allow a common task to be assigned to different stations for different models. We seek to minimize the sum of costs of the stations and the task duplication. We develop an optimal solution procedure based on a backtracking branch-and-bound algorithm and evaluate its performance via a large set of experiments. A branch-and-bound based heuristic is then developed for solving large-scale problems. The heuristic solutions are compared with a lower bound and experiments show that the heuristic provides much better solutions than those obtained by traditional approaches. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
DOI
A common assumption in the literature on mixed-model assembly line balancing is that a task that is common to multiple models must be assigned to a single station. In this paper, we relax this restriction, and allow a common task to be assigned to different stations for different models. We seek to minimize the sum of costs of the stations and the task duplication. We develop an optimal solution procedure based on a backtracking branch-and-bound algorithm and evaluate its performance via a large set of experiments. A branch-and-bound based heuristic is then developed for solving large-scale problems. The heuristic solutions are compared with a lower bound and experiments show that the heuristic provides much better solutions than those obtained by traditional approaches. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Diamant S., E., Podoly , A., Friedler , H., Ligumsky , O., Livnah , ו H., Soreq . 2006.
“Butyrylcholinesterase Attenuates Amyloid Fibril Formation In Vitro”. Pnas. .
קישור תקציר In Alzheimer's disease, both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) colocalize with brain fibrils of amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides, and synaptic AChE-S facilitates fibril formation by association with insoluble Abeta fibrils. Here, we report that human BChE and BSP41, a synthetic peptide derived from the BChE C terminus, inversely associate with the soluble Abeta conformers and delay the onset and decrease the rate of Abeta fibril formation in vitro, at a 1:100 BChE/Abeta molar ratio and in a dose-dependent manner. The corresponding AChE synthetic peptide (ASP)40 peptide, derived from the homologous C terminus of synaptic human (h)AChE-S, failed to significantly affect Abeta fibril formation, attributing the role of enhancing this process to an AChE domain other than the C terminus. Circular dichroism and molecular modeling confirmed that both ASP40 and BChE synthetic peptide (BSP)41 are amphipathic alpha-helices. However, ASP40 shows symmetric amphipathicity, whereas BSP41 presented an aromatic tryptophan residue in the polar side of the C terminus. That this aromatic residue is causally involved in the attenuating effect of BChE was further supported by mutagenesis experiments in which (W8R) BSP41 showed suppressed capacity to attenuate fibril formation. In Alzheimer's disease, BChE may have thus acquired an inverse role to that of AChE by adopting imperfect amphipathic characteristics of its C terminus.
Julia M Shifman, Choi, Mee H, Mihalas, Stefan , Mayo, Stephen L, ו Kennedy, Mary B. 2006.
“Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Ii (Camkii) Is Activated By Calmodulin With Two Bound Calciums”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 103, Pp. 13968–13973.
תקציר Changes in synaptic strength that underlie memory formation in the CNS are initiated by pulses of Ca2+ flowing through NMDA-type glutamate receptors into postsynaptic spines. Differences in the duration and size of the pulses determine whether a synapse is potentiated or depressed after repetitive synaptic activity. Calmodulin (CaM) is a major Ca2+ effector protein that binds up to four Ca2+ ions. CaM with bound Ca2+ can activate at least six signaling enzymes in the spine. In fluctuating cytosolic Ca2+, a large fraction of free CaM is bound to fewer than four Ca2+ ions. Binding to targets increases the affinity of CaM's remaining Ca2+-binding sites. Thus, initial binding of CaM to a target may depend on the target's affinity for CaM with only one or two bound Ca2+ ions. To study CaM-dependent signaling in the spine, we designed mutant CaMs that bind Ca2+ only at the two N-terminal or two C-terminal sites by using computationally designed mutations to stabilize the inactivated Ca2+-binding domains in the ``closed'' Ca2+-free conformation. We have measured their interactions with CaMKII, a major Ca2+/CaM target that mediates initiation of long-term potentiation. We show that CaM with two Ca2+ ions bound in its C-terminal lobe not only binds to CaMKII with low micromolar affinity but also partially activates kinase activity. Our results support the idea that competition for binding of CaM with two bound Ca2+ ions may influence significantly the outcome of local Ca2+ signaling in spines and, perhaps, in other signaling pathways.
In the short story “Bluebeard’s Egg” (1983), Margaret Atwood simultaneously replicates the form of one Bluebeard tale, “The Robber Bridegroom,” and recapitulates the content of another, “Fitcher’s Bird,” by having her protagonist recall to herself a tale about three sisters and a sorcerer she recently heard in a course on “Forms of Narrative Fiction.” The recollection of the Grimms’ story of “Fitcher’s Bird” within “Bluebeard’s Egg” is structurally analogous to the climactic scene in their “Robber Bridegroom” in which the robber’s bride is called upon to regale her wedding guests with “a good story.” She gives a first-person account of prior events that is nearly identical to the sequence already described by the third-person omniscient narrator. In other words, the bride whose experiences were the object of narration (at the diegetic level) now engages in narrating the events in which she took part (at the hypodiegetic level). For Atwood, as I propose, the mise en abyme in “The Robber Bridegroom” serves as a point of departure in both senses of the phrase: her text deviates from the structural model it imitates. The hypodiegetic narration in “Bluebeard’s Egg” – namely, the embedded tale of “Fitcher’s Bird” – does not verge on identity with events previously narrated; rather, Atwood literally realizes the rhetorical device of mise en abyme in her story. Things are put into an abyss. Nothing mirrors nothing. Through this inventive deployment of intertextuality, Atwood’s variant of the Bluebeard motif presents a case of negative mise en abyme. Shuli Barzilai is professor emerita of English at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Author of Lacan and the Matter of Origins (Stanford) and Tales of Bluebeard and His Wives from Late Antiquity to Postmodern Times (Routledge), she has published many articles on Margaret Atwood and Canadian culture, fairy-tale and folklore studies, feminist criticism, and contemporary theory. Her current project focuses on Victorian fairy tales and moral realism. updated in March 2019 |
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