Yaron Haviv, Zini, Avraham , Etzioni, Yoni , Klitinich, Valeri , Dobriyan, Alex , Sharav, Yair , Benoliel, Rafael , ו Almoznino, Galit . 2017.
“The Impact Of Chronic Orofacial Pain On Daily Life: The Vulnerable Patient And Disruptive Pain”. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology And Oral Radiology, 123, Pp. 58 – 66. doi:10.1016/j.oooo.2016.08.016.
Publisher's Version Kris Tunac De Pedro, Pineda, Diana , Capp, Gordon , Moore, Hadass , Benbenishty, Rami , ו Astor, Ron Avi. 2017.
“Implementation Of A School Districtwide Grassroots Antibullying Initiative: A School Staff And Parent–Focused Evaluation Of Because Nice Matters”. Children & Schools, 39, Pp. 137–145.
B. Fresch, Bocquel, J. , Hiluf, D. , Rogge, S. , Levine, R. D, ו Remacle, F.. 2017.
“Implementation Of Multivariable Logic Functions In Parallel By Electrically Addressing A Molecule Of Three Dopants In Silicon”. Chemphyschem, 18, Pp. 1790-1797. doi:10.1002/cphc.201700222.
This paper articulates the disproportionate policy perspective and uses it to mount four challenges for the new policy design orientation. First, in contrast to the new policy design thinking, disproportionate policy options may be systematically designed, and at times, successfully implemented. Second, in contrast to the new policy design thinking, there are certain conditions under which policymakers may tend to develop effective response, with cost considerations becoming only secondary in importance if at all (read, policy overreaction), or cost-conscious response, with effectiveness considerations becoming only secondary in importance if at all (read, policy underreaction). Third, in contrast to the new policy design thinking, disproportionate policy options may be designed for purposes other than implementation (e.g., to be used as signaling devices or as context-setters). Fourth, in contrast to new policy design thinking, there are certain conditions under which the emotional arena of policy may be equally, if not more, important than the substantive one. The paper concludes that so far the literature on new policy design has not responded to the emergence of the disproportionate policy perspective, but a robust research agenda awaits those answering this paper’s call for action.
The dominant view of cognitive aging holds that while controlled processes (e.g., working memory and executive functions) decline with age, implicit (automatic) processes do not. In this paper we challenge this view by arguing that high-level automatic processes (e.g., implicit motivation) decline with age, and that this decline plays an important and as yet unappreciated role in cognitive aging. Specifically, we hypothesized that due to their decline, high-level automatic processes are less likely to be spontaneously activated in old age, and so their subtle, external activation should have stronger effects on older (vs. younger) adults. In two experiments we used different methods of implicitly activating motivation, and measured executive functions of younger and older adults via the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. In Experiment 1 we used goal priming to subtly increase achievement motivation. In Experiment 2 motivation was manipulated by subtly increasing engagement in the task. More specifically, we introduce the Jerusalem Face Sorting Test (JFST), a modified version of the WCST that uses cards with faces instead of geometric shapes. In both experiments, implicitly induced changes in motivation improved older- but not younger- adults executive functioning. The framework we propose is general, and it has implications as to how we view and test cognitive functions. Our case study of older adults offers a new look at various aspects of cognitive aging. Applications of this view to other special populations (e.g., ADHD, schizophrenia) and possible interventions are discussed.
Daniel Sharon, Hirshberg, Daniel , Afri, Michal , Frimer, Aryeh A. , ו Aurbach, Doron . 2017.
“The Importance Of Solvent Selection In Li–O 2 Cells”. Chemical Communications, 53, 22, Pp. 3269–3272. doi:10.1039/C6CC09086A.
Publisher's Version תקציר Diglyme (G2) is the highly preferred solvent choice over other types of glymes for achieving longer cycling performance of Li–O 2 cells.
This paper discusses the reinvention of the humanist ideas and values in the Soviet post-World War II and post-Stalinist culture (the 1950s and the1960s) with the help of Renaissance plots and images in Soviet semi-official art, the main examples being Pavel Antokolsky’s poem Hieronymus Bosch (1957), the Strugatsky brothers’ novel Hard to Be a God (1963), and Grigory Kozintsev’s films based on Shakespeare’s Hamlet (1964) and King Lear (1970), as well as David Samoilov’s poem Bertold Schwarz: A Monologue, set in the late Middle Ages. The paper isolates an aesthetic movement that developed in the Soviet culture of those decades; I propose to call this movement “posttraumatic humanism.” It was based on the new aesthetic idiom of “gloomy Renaissance,” including images of conflagration, ruins, violence. The works of this movement did not use the Aesopian language — or, at least, did not use it as a primary or only tool. Rather, it involves a covert comparison of the Soviet present with the European pre-Enlightenment past and aesthetical valorization and sublimation of 20th-century catastrophic experience. Images of “gloomy Renaissance” conveyed the erosion the Soviet belief in progress and moral modernization as inevitable consequences of Bolsheviks’ revolution. One of the earliest mature works of posttraumatic humanism in Soviet culture was Vasily Grossman’s essay The Sistine Madonna (1955). Alexei German Sr.’s film Hard to Be a God (2013) can be regarded as the concluding and summarizing work in this movement. |
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June 2017: Ilya Kukulin received his PhD in literary theory at the Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow. His monograph Machines of the Noisy Time: How the Soviet Montage Became an Aesthetic Method of the Unofficial Culture (Moscow, 2015, in Russian) was awarded the Andrei Bely Prize. He has co-edited six volumes focused on topics from the history of schooling in the 20th Century Eastern Europe to the cultural practices of the internal colonization in Russia. He is also the author of a number of articles on Russian literature, unofficial social thought in 20th-century Russia, and political discourses of the Russian social media, published in Russia, Germany, Norway, China, Lithuania, Armenia, and the USA. At present he is Associate Professor at the Department of Cultural Studies of the National Research University – Higher School of Economics (HSE, Moscow), Senior Researcher at the International Center for the History and Sociology of World War II and Its Consequences (HSE), and Senior Researcher at the School of Advanced Studies in the Humanities, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (Moscow). |
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Inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), the major drug metabolizing enzyme, by dietary compounds has recently attracted increased attention. Evaluating the potency of the many known inhibitory compounds is a tedious and time consuming task, yet it can be achieved using computing tools. Here, CDOCKER and Glide served to design model inhibitors in order to characterize molecular features of an inhibitor. Assessing nitro-stilbenoids, both approaches suggested nitrostilbene to be a weaker inhibitor of CYP3A4 than resveratrol, and stronger than dimethoxy-nitrostilbene. Nitrostilbene and resveratrol, but not dimethoxy-nitrostilbene, engage electrostatic interactions in the enzyme cavity, and with the haem. In vitro assessment of the inhibitory capacity supported the in silico predictions, suggesting that evaluating the electrostatic interactions of a compound with the prosthetic group allows the prediction of inhibitory potency. Since both programs yielded related results, it is suggested that for CYP3A4, computing tools may allow rapid identification of potent dietary inhibitors.
M. Bez, Sheyn, D. , Tawackoli, W. , Avalos, P. , Shapiro, G. , Giaconi, J. C, Da, X. , David, S. B, Gavrity, J. , Awad, H. A, Bae, H. W, Ley, E. J, Kremen, T. J, Gazit, Z. , Ferrara, K. W, Pelled, G. , ו Gazit, D.. 2017.
“In Situ Bone Tissue Engineering Via Ultrasound-Mediated Gene Delivery To Endogenous Progenitor Cells In Mini-Pigs”. Sci Transl Med, 9. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aal3128.
Publisher's Version תקציר More than 2 million bone-grafting procedures are performed each year using autografts or allografts. However, both options carry disadvantages, and there remains a clear medical need for the development of new therapies for massive bone loss and fracture nonunions. We hypothesized that localized ultrasound-mediated, microbubble-enhanced therapeutic gene delivery to endogenous stem cells would induce efficient bone regeneration and fracture repair. To test this hypothesis, we surgically created a critical-sized bone fracture in the tibiae of Yucatan mini-pigs, a clinically relevant large animal model. A collagen scaffold was implanted in the fracture to facilitate recruitment of endogenous mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) into the fracture site. Two weeks later, transcutaneous ultrasound-mediated reporter gene delivery successfully transfected 40% of cells at the fracture site, and flow cytometry showed that 80% of the transfected cells expressed MSC markers. Human bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6) plasmid DNA was delivered using ultrasound in the same animal model, leading to transient expression and secretion of BMP-6 localized to the fracture area. Micro-computed tomography and biomechanical analyses showed that ultrasound-mediated BMP-6 gene delivery led to complete radiographic and functional fracture healing in all animals 6 weeks after treatment, whereas nonunion was evident in control animals. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that ultrasound-mediated gene delivery to endogenous mesenchymal progenitor cells can effectively treat nonhealing bone fractures in large animals, thereby addressing a major orthopedic unmet need and offering new possibilities for clinical translation.
Katrien Vandoorne, Raz, Tal , Sapoznik, Stav , Biton, Inbal E, Garbow, Joel R. , ו Neeman, Michal . 2017.
“In Vivo Preclinical Imaging Of Developmental Biology”. בתוך Small Animal Imaging.
תקציר Embryonic development, the generation of a living organism from a fertilized egg, poses some of the most intriguing challenges of biological research. Aberrations in development can arise from genetic alterations in the fetus, which can vary in the degree of penetration, and can also result from direct and indirect pathological processes affecting the fetus or the mother. Impaired fetal development is a major cause of premature morbidity and mortality. Dynamic imaging of the live fetus provides an important tool for elucidating the normal and pathological developmental changes occurring during pregnancy. In particular, as part of efforts for functional mapping of the genome using genetically modified animals, detailed analysis of fetal development in laboratory animals is central in elucidating the function of genes and the impact of alteration in gene expression. Moreover, imaging biomarkers developed in the context of basic biological research could provide the foundations for future prenatal clinical imaging. In this chapter, we will review recent developments in the use of noninvasive imaging for longitudinal monitoring of live embryos in small laboratory animals, with particular focus on in utero imaging of fetal development in the mouse.
Dror Sagi, Marcos-Hadad, Evgeniya , Bari, Vinay K, Resnick, Michael A, ו Covo, Shay . 2017.
“Increased Loh Due To Defective Sister Chromatid Cohesion Is Due Primarily To Chromosomal Aneuploidy And Not Recombination”. G3 (Bethesda, Md.), 7, 10, Pp. 3305 - 3315. .
Publisher's Version תקציר Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is an important factor in cancer, pathogenic fungi, and adaptation to changing environments. The sister chromatid cohesion process (SCC) suppresses aneuploidy and therefore whole chromosome LOH. SCC is also important to channel recombinational repair to sister chromatids, thereby preventing LOH mediated by allelic recombination. There is, however, insufficient information about the relative roles that the SCC pathway plays in the different modes of LOH. Here, we found that the cohesin mutation mcd1-1, and other mutations in SCC, differentially affect the various types of LOH. The greatest effect, by three orders of magnitude, was on whole chromosome loss (CL). In contrast, there was little increase in recombination-mediated LOH, even for telomeric markers. Some of the LOH events that were increased by SCC mutations were complex, i.e., they were the result of several chromosome transactions. Although these events were independent of POL32, the most parsimonious way to explain the formation of at least some of them was break-induced replication through the centromere. Interestingly, the mcd1-1 pol32Δ double mutant showed a significant reduction in the rate of CL in comparison with the mcd1-1 single mutant. Our results show that defects in SCC allow the formation of complex LOH events that, in turn, can promote drug or pesticide resistance in diploid microbes that are pathogenic to humans or plants.
Dror Sagi, Marcos-Hadad, Evgeniya , Bari, Vinay K. , Resnick, Michael A. , ו Covo, Shay . 2017.
“Increased Loh Due To Defective Sister Chromatid Cohesion Is Due Primarily To Chromosomal Aneuploidy And Not Recombination”. G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics, 7, 10, Pp. 3305–3315. doi:10.1534/g3.117.300091.
Publisher's Version תקציר Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is an important factor in cancer, pathogenic fungi, and adaptation to changing environments. The sister chromatid cohesion process (SCC) suppresses aneuploidy and therefore whole chromosome LOH. SCC is also important to channel recombinational repair to sister chromatids, thereby preventing LOH mediated by allelic recombination. There is, however, insufficient information about the relative roles that the SCC pathway plays in the different modes of LOH. Here, we found that the cohesin mutation mcd1-1, and other mutations in SCC, differentially affect the various types of LOH. The greatest effect, by three orders of magnitude, was on whole chromosome loss (CL). In contrast, there was little increase in recombination-mediated LOH, even for telomeric markers. Some of the LOH events that were increased by SCC mutations were complex, i.e., they were the result of several chromosome transactions. Although these events were independent of POL32, the most parsimonious way to explain the formation of at least some of them was break-induced replication through the centromere. Interestingly, the mcd1-1 pol32Δ double mutant showed a significant reduction in the rate of CL in comparison with the mcd1-1 single mutant. Our results show that defects in SCC allow the formation of complex LOH events that, in turn, can promote drug or pesticide resistance in diploid microbes that are pathogenic to humans or plants.
