פרסומים

A new method for rapid evaluation of emulsion stability was developed. The technique is based on elec. cond. measurements during non-destructive short heating-cooling-heating cycles carried out on cosmetic viscous emulsions. The cond. curve obtained during the second heating cycle is lower and almost parallel to the first curve. The bigger the cond. difference between the two heating curves, the lower is the stability of the emulsion. A relative stability index, $Δ$/h, indicating relative change in cond. between two cycles was elaborated allowing easy comparison of emulsion stabilities having different initial cond. The method was compared to std. stability tests with good correlation. [on SciFinder(R)]

Dunaliella parva Was cultured in brine from seawater, with added nutrients, and extd. with benzene to produce an oil similar to petroleum. Thus, 300 g algae (dry wt.) in 200 mL water were extd. with 200 mL benzene at 40° for 6 h. The org. layer contained 7.2 g oil with a caloric value of 9.9 cal/g. The moist cells were autoclaved with 200 mL benzene at 300° under 200 bars for 2 h. An addnl. 15.1 g oil was extd. with a caloric value of 8.4 cal/g. [on SciFinder(R)]

The following discussion aims primarily at a tentative application of explicit text-linguistic analytic procedure to a special Late Egyptian corpus hitherto subjected but to superficial linguistic attention, viz. the Egyptian oracular texts (here I shall examine the Late Egyptian, not the Demotic evidence). However, a secondary goal of this paper is to make a contribution towards an aspect of a general theory of the dialogue: in viewing the texts which constitute the discussed corpus as embryonic dialogue-forms, I will attempt to explore some ideas for a schematic-typological approach to defining and characterizing these dialogues in general.

Free oleic acid is emulsified in water and oxidized using potassium permanganate, to azelaic and pelargonic acids, together with dihydroxy-, ketohydroxy- and diketo-stearic acids at neutral pH. The yield and the products distribution are controlled by: the type of emulsifier and its concn.; the oleic acid concn. in the emulsion; and the oleic acid-oxidant ratio. [on SciFinder(R)]

The optimum results in the 2-step industrial prepn. of polyglycerol [25618-55-7] esters of fatty acids are obtained with a polymn. temp. of 260-280° in an inert gas with 2.5 mol% NaOH as the catalyst, followed by esterification at ≥230° without addnl. catalyst. A simulation model of a chem. plant is used to det. the cost of prodn. of the emulsifiers. [on SciFinder(R)]

Hemimethylated duplex DNA of the bacteriophage phi X 174 was synthesized using primed repair synthesis is in vitro with E. coli DNA polymerase I followed by ligation to produce the covalently closed circular duplex (RFI). Single-stranded phi X DNA was used as a template, a synthetic oligonucleotide as primer and 5-methyldeoxycytidine-5’-triphosphate (5mdCTP) was used in place of dCTP. The hemimethylated product was used as substrate for cleavage by various restriction enzymes. Out of the 17 enzymes tested, only 5 (BstN I, Taq I, Hinc II, Hinf I and Hpa I) cleaved the hemimethylated DNA. Two enzymes (Msp I and Hae III) were able to produce nicks on the unmethylated strand of the cleavage site. Msp I, which is known to cleave at CCGG when the internal cytosine residue is methylated, does not cleave when both cytosines are methylated. Another enzyme, Apy I, cleaves at the sequence CCTAGG when the internal cytosine is methylated, but is inactive on hemimethylated DNA in which both cytosines are methylated. Hemimethylated molecules should be useful for studying DNA methylation both in vivo and in vitro.

The asymptotic value of a game v with a continuum of players is defined whenever all the sequences of Shapley values of finite games that "approximate" v have the same limit. In this paper we prove that if v is defined by v(S) = f( p(S)), where p is a nonatomic probability measure and f is a function of bounded variation on [0, I] that is continuous at 0 and at I, then v has an asymptotic value. This had previously been known only when v is absolutely continuous. Thus, for example, our result implies that the nonatomic majority voting game, defined by v(S) = 0 or I according as p(S)  less than or equal to 1/2 or p(S) > 1/2, has an asymptotic value. We also apply our result to show that other games of interest in economics and political science have asymptotic values, and adduce an example to show that the result cannot be extended to functions f that are not of bounded variation.

Polymorphic transformations of stearic acid in their crystn. solns. were studied. When stearic acid crystals were left in the ethanolic satd. mother liquor, the B-form modification was obtained throughout the whole process. In hexane and benzene during the first 2-3 h, the C-polymorph was the predominant form and later transformed progressively into the B-form so that towards the end of the expt. the whole ppt. was in the B-form. The proposed explanation is that the transformation is due to dissoln. caused by thermal fluctuation in the bath, and subsequent pptn. The dissoln. and repptn. was followed up by micro photographs. In the presence of Span 60, only the C form was obtained in all solvents. [on SciFinder(R)]

Ease of formation and stability of oil (D-limonene) in water emulsions were studied and detd. by measuring the spectral adsorption of dild. emulsions at 2 wavelengths (800 nm and 400 nm). Stability indexes were derived from measurements carried out 24 h after prepn. at room temp. and after an addnl. 8 h of incubation at 75°. Various factors affecting emulsion stability, such as type of emulsifier and required HLB, oil concn., and amt. of emulsifier and the method of prepn. were tested by using this method. [on SciFinder(R)]

Stochastic Games have a value.

This paper examines the annuity aspect of social security within the framework of an overlapping-generations model. The duration of life is assumed to be uncertain. Under a fully funded system, demand for social security is determined by each generation so as to maximize expected lifetime utility, taking into account the welfare of future generations. Under a pay-as-you-go system with intergenerational transfers, demand for retirement benefits by the working population takes into account taxes paid by descendants. It is shown that the two modes of finance are equivalent in terms of all real aggregates. Effects of changes in expected lifetime and [...]