פרסומים

The heats of soln. of Na octanoate in water, 1-propanol, and aq. mixts. of 1-propanol, 1-butanol, and 1-hexanol and of alcs. in aq. solns. of Na octanoate at various concns. were detd. calorimetrically at 35°. Most values are exothermic and strongly dependent on the solute concn. The main energetic factor governing the process of dissoln. of the surfactant is assocd. with changes in the water structure caused by the presence of alc. That governing the process of the alc. dissoln. in surfactant solns. is due to the effect alcs. have on the crit. micelle concn. of the octanoate. There is no indication of the alc. being either solubilized in the interior of the aq. micelle, or becoming part of the micellar firm. The soly. at 35° of Na octanoate in water, 1-propanol, and their mixts. was also detd. [on SciFinder(R)]

The possibility that an addnl. agent might be involved in the epitaxial growth of Ca oxalate on uric acid was investigated. Evidence for a preferential occurrence of epitaxy between Ca oxalate and Na urate is provided. Uric acid seeds failed to trigger Ca oxalate pptn.; however, when glutamic acid was present, Ca oxalate deposition on uric acid seeds was obsd. The relations of the data to Ca oxalate urinary stone formation in normocalciuric-hyperuricosuric patients and to allopurinol treatment are discussed. [on SciFinder(R)]

UNLABELLED: Ultrafiltration membranes of 10,000 d, 1,000 d and 500 d were used to remove urinary macromolecules from the urine of normal subjects and from the urine of stone forming patients. The filtrated urines were examined for their residual inhibitory potential for calcium-oxalate precipitation, by the discrimination method of Sarig et al. (D.I. test). The results of testing the filtrate were complementary to the information gained by analyses of retentates obtained in successive ultrafiltration. The method has an inherent advantage because the manipulation of solids retained on membranes may inadvertantly modify their inhibitory potential. At least two distinct groups of inhibitors were found in 20 normal urines. The first group has MW above 10,000 d while the second group of inhibitors has MW in the range of 500-1,000 d. The mean of the D.I. values increased dramatically from the normal range (less than 0.6) to the stone former range (greater than 1.1) (p less than 0.001) after the 500 d filtration. Some of the normal urines, even after the 500 d filtration, still had a degree of inhibitory potential. This inhibitory potential may be related to the inorganic compounds which were found in the urines. The inhibitory activity of macromolecules with MW above 10,000 d and below 500 delta was negligible in 7 stone formers (SF) urines. The relative contribution of 500-1,000 d macromolecules is the highest both in SF and normal urines. CONCLUSIONS: 1) inhibitors in human urine are of wide range in MW; 2) stone formers and normals differ in the level of inhibitor activity at all MW ranges; especially in above 10,000 d and below inhibitors.[on SciFinder (R)]

Summary. Viable Staphylococcus aureus (strain Oxford beta lactamase negative) which had been cultivated either in the absence or presence of penicillin G (subinhibitory concentrations) were injected into the knee joint of adult rats. Tissue sections taken five days following the injections and analyzed by an electron microscope revealed the persistence of apparently intact cell walls within macrophages at the inflammatory sites. The data suggest that even under penicillin effect the macrophages were capable only of digesting the bacterial cytoplasmic constituents (plasmolysis) but failed to degrade the bacterial peptidoglycan. The possible role played by anionic polyelectrolytes, which accumulate at the inflammatory sites, in the inhibition of cell wall degradation by leukocytes in 1/it/0 and the role played by leukocyte factors in the activation of the bacterial own autolytic wall enzymes will be discussed.