@article {17098,
	title = {Circadian rhythm of osteocalcin in the maxillomandibular complex},
	journal = {J Dent Res},
	volume = {88},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Gafni, Y Ptitsyn, A A Zilberman, Y Pelled, G Gimble, J M Gazit, D eng R21 DE016371/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t 2009/01/10 09:00 J Dent Res. 2009 Jan;88(1):45-50. doi: 10.1177/0022034508328012.},
	pages = {45-50},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {The human body displays central circadian rhythms of activity. Recent findings suggest that peripheral tissues, such as bone, possess their own circadian clocks. Studies have shown that osteocalcin protein levels oscillate over a 24-hour period, yet the specific skeletal sites involved and its transcriptional profile remain unknown. The current study aimed to test the hypothesis that peripheral circadian mechanisms regulate transcription driven by the osteocalcin promoter. Transgenic mice harboring the human osteocalcin promoter linked to a luciferase reporter gene were used. Mice of both genders and various ages were analyzed non-invasively at sequential times throughout 24-hour periods. Statistical analyses of luminescent signal intensity of osteogenic activity from multiple skeletal sites indicated a periodicity of   24 hrs. The maxillomandibular complex displayed the most robust oscillatory pattern. These findings have implications for dental treatments in orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery, as well as for the mechanisms underlying bone remodeling in the maxillomandibular complex.},
	keywords = {Animal Osteocalcin/*genetics Osteogenesis/genetics Promoter Regions, Animals Carpal Bones/anatomy \& histology/metabolism Circadian Rhythm/*genetics Female Gene Expression Regulation/genetics Half-Life Humans Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods Luciferases Luminescence Male Mandible/anatomy \& histology/*metabolism Maxilla/anatomy \& histology/*metabolism Mice Mice, Genetic/genetics, Genetic/genetics Sex Factors Skull/anatomy \& histology/metabolism Tail/anatomy \& histology/metabolism Tarsal Bones/anatomy \& histology/metabolism Transcription, Transgenic Models},
	issn = {1544-0591 (Electronic) 0022-0345 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1177/0022034508328012},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19131316},
	author = {Gafni, Y. and Ptitsyn, A. A. and Zilberman, Y. and Pelled, G. and Gimble, J. M. and Gazit, D.}
}
